1,005 search results for “brain function and dysfunction” in the Public website
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Brain networks and the initial stages of dementia
Dementia is a progressive disease, diagnosed at a relatively late stage when intervention may not be effective. Aim of the research is to study scans of brain networks to help discover the early network changes related to dementia. Early diagnosis may benefit effectiveness of future treatment.
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Biorythm and brain dysfunction
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A different take on differences between men’s and women’s brains
There is greater variety in the size of men’s brains than of women’s. This could help explain why some psychiatric disorders such as ADHD and autism are more prevalent in boys. Leiden brain researcher Lara Wierenga has published an article about this in the international journal Cerebral Cortex.
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Education
The LIBC is actively involved in training and education in the field of brain and cognition.
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Brain connections predict adolescent impulsiveness
There is a link in adolescents between brain connections and impulsiveness. Leiden researchers have discovered that these connections also predict which adolescents will make more impulsive choices two years further on.
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Pregnancy changes brain structure
Brain researcher Elseline Hoekzema has discovered that the structure of the brain changes during pregnancy, particularly those areas related to social functions. These changes persist for at least two years after the mother gives birth. Publication in Nature Neuroscience on 19 December.
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Research
Although there has been an increase in the research into brain function and dysfunction in relation to stress and emotions, there are still many unanswered questions.
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The adolescent brain makes learning easier
The brains of adolescents react more responsively to receiving rewards. This can lead to risky behaviour, but, according to Leiden University research, it also has a positive function: it makes learning easier. Publication in Nature Communications.
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Religion Explored: Origin, Function and Meaning
How do ideas concerning the academic study of religion relate to the socio-cultural and political context in which they are developed?
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Catecholamine function, brain state dynamics, and human cognition
The work presented in this thesis addresses the role of the locus coeruleus (LC) - norepinephrine (NE) system in various aspects of human cognition, and the modulation of brain state.
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The importance of relating to others: why we only learn to understand other people after the age of four
When we are around four years old we suddenly start to understand that other people think and that their view of the world is often different from our own. Researchers in Leiden and Leipzig have explored how that works. Publication in Nature Communications on 21 March.
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Research
The aim of our research program is to better understand the aetiology and course of mood, anxiety and trauma and stressor-related disorders and to test and improve treatments for these disorders.
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Deciphering myeloid (progenitor) cell function and communication in (tumor) tissues
PhD defence
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Rebecca Schaefer on 'Learning with music can change brain structure'
Using musical cues to learn a physical task significantly develops an important part of the brain, according to a new study co-authored by Leiden psychologist Rebecca Schaefer. The results are published in the journal Brain & Cognition.
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Lorenza Colzato editor-in-chief of new scientific journal
Psychologist Lorenza Colzato is the editor-in-chief of the Journal of Cognitive Enhancement, a new interdisciplinary psychology publication. The journal will contribute to a higher understanding of research aimed at enhancing human performance and creative potential.
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If your friends jump in the river…
Young people influence one another to take greater risks, although it's not quite that cut and dried. This is what development psychologist Jorien van Hoorn discovered. Peers also have a positive influence on one another, an aspect that has so far been under-researched. PhD defence 12 January.
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Catecholaminergic Neuromodulation Shapes Intrinsic MRI Functional Connectivity in the Human Brain
The factors that dynamically sculpt the inter-regional correlation of brain patterns are poorly understood. Here, we test the hypothesis that they are shaped by the catecholaminergic neuromodulators norepinephrine and dopamine.
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Sex effects on development of brain structure and executive functions: Greater variance than mean effects
This study is the first to directly relate brain development to sex differences and school performance. The results debunk the myth that brain development is slower in boys.
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Functional networks in healthy and sick brains
Are disturbances to the brain, such as Alzheimer's or autism, linked to specific defects in the underlying communication networks in the brain? If this is the case, subtle changes in the networks can act as a marker for brain disturbances. Neuroscientist Serge Rombouts will be investigating this, together…
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Urban ecology and avian acoustics: Function and evolution of birdsong in a changing world
Birds sing to be heard, but how do they cope with increasing noise levels? Which species persist in cities and why? And do they thrive or suffer in the urban soundscape?
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Longitudinal brain development (Brain Time study)
How is structural and functional brain development related to behavioral change in cognitive-control, impulse regulation, and socio-emotional functioning?
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Cutaneous barrier dysfunction in atopic eczema: the role of stratum corneum lipids
Source: International Journal of Cosmetic Science, Volume 37, Number 1, pp. 148-148 (2015) ISBN: 0142-5463
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Language processing and the multilingual brain
This project looks at how the native language influences processing mechanisms of non-native language(s) as well has how it influences brain structure and functional connectivity.
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Shy parent, shy child?
Previous research has shown that extreme shyness is hereditary, but because shyness is such a broad concept it is difficult to identify specific genes. Anita Harrewijn has discovered particular brain measurements that can help. PhD defence 18 January.
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Media use and brain development during adolescence
Nowadays children grow up with social media. This may influence the development of brain regions involved in social interaction. In their review article in Nature Communications, Crone and Konijn illustrate how neuroscience can contribute to a better understanding of how media and peers influence adolescents'…
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Weightless in the name of science
Laura Nijkamp’s biggest dream came true recently: she took a parabolic flight and was weightless for a moment. The BrainFly student team, which includes psychology students from Leiden, needed volunteers. She signed up immediately. She tells us all about her experience.
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Brain and Development
What is the relation between brain development and social and cognitive development across childhood, adolescence and adulthood?
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as a tool for unraveling the underlying factors for skin barrier dysfunction
Barrier function is the natural role of the skin. The lipid matrix present in the outermost layer of the skin, the stratum corneum is important for this function.
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Guts and Brains
An Integrative Approach to the Hominin Record
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The placebo effect: first world congress in Leiden
Medicines can work even if they have no active ingredient. The first international scientific conference on placebos will take place in Leiden from 2 to 4 April. Placebo researcher Andrea Evers, who is also chairing the conference, answers some pressing questions.
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Creating a brain atlas
Researchers have been working for centuries in mapping the human brain. But in the year 2017 some brain structures remain still not well mapped, especially those located at the brainstem. In this paper, we quantified the test–retest reliability of imaging the brainstem nucleus locus coeruleus in vivo…
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Train your brain!
Neuroimaging research has greatly advanced our insights on how the brain is organized. Now is the time for the next step: Imagine what would be possible when we cannot only map brain-functioning, but use neuroimaging to voluntarily regulate brain-activity!
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The Programmer's Brain
Your brain responds in a predictable way when it encounters new or difficult tasks. This unique book teaches you concrete techniques rooted in cognitive science that will improve the way you learn and think about code.
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Brain and Cognition
This interdisciplinary minor emphasizes the diversity and complementarity of various cognitive neuroscience approaches to understanding the human brain.
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Mind and brain
This minor focuses on the cognitive processes that influence the interaction between the brain and the mind.
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Brain and Education Lab
The Brain and Education lab is a research group in the Institute of Education and Child Studies at Leiden University in the Netherlands. We use a Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience approach to study the development of complex cognitive processes involved in learning and academic skills such as reading…
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The adolescent brain
Fundamental insights into the working of the adolescent brain help lecturers and parents to teach adolescents to function better. Professor Eveline Crone studies executive functions – such as planning and behaviour – in the adolescent brain.
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The developing brain and behaviour
The more opportunities a child has to learn and develop, the stronger his or her future position in society. Leiden University investigates how the brain picks up information, and how learning processes can be influenced positively.
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The social brain in adolescence
What is the neural basis of social decision-making across childhood, adolescence and adulthood and what are the developmental patterns in terms of behavior and brain activation?
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Prediction of brain target site concentrations on the basis of CSF PK: impact of mechanisms of blood-to-brain transport and within brain distribution
Promotor: Prof.dr. M. Danhof, Co-promotor: E.C.M. de Lange
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Topic: Movement and mental functions
Our ability to learn and control movements is essential for engaging in goal-directed behaviour. From buttoning your shirt and driving a car, to cooking dinner and brushing your teeth -- our actions in daily life rely on this ability.
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Functional projections in analytic languages
The ultimate aim of the project is to find out whether there are such things as
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How does the brain process smartphone interactions?
Smartphone behaviors are so common but how does the brain generate this behavior? The Cognition in the digital environment laboratory (CODELAB) investigated the brain activity surrounding smartphone interactions with the help of Artificial Intelligence. According to their research, the brain fluidly…
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Lipid signaling in brain diseases
Multiple Sclerosis, Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s disease are the most common neurodegenerative disorders. Unfortunately, no effective treatments are currently available to halt the progression of these neuroinflammatory diseases [1].
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Unravelling the Impact of Emotional Maltreatment on the Developing Brain
What role do parent-child interactions play in the development, maintenance and treatment of depression in young people?
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Serge Rombouts: 'AI is learning from brain scans and helping find a diagnosis'
Serge Rombouts is a physicist whose PhD thesis was about functional MRI (fMRI). This visualises activity in regions of the brain. The appealing images of glowing brain regions that emerge from the computer are the result of calculations. According to Rombouts, this isn’t proper artificial intelligence.…
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The social brain in middle childhood
A neurobiological perspective on individual differences in social competence
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Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition
The Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition (LIBC) is a network that stimulates interdisciplinary exchange of knowledge and expertise on topics related to brain and cognition and focuses on science valorisation and outreach.
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Do video games keep the brain young?
Can playing certain games decrease cognitive decline or even enhance cognitive performance in the aging population?
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Spinoza prize for 'migraine professor' Michel Ferrari
Neurologist Professor Michel Ferrari has been awarded the Spinoza prize. 'In biomedical research you can only make breakthroughs at the borders between sciences,' according to Spinoza, doctor and scientist. 'This prize is proof that co-operation works.' Together with clinical and fundamental researchers…